Perspectives

Independent research on markets, capital and structural change.

Letters · · 4 min read

Price and value are different things

A distinction between the price we can observe and the value we must estimate, and why a margin for error belongs in both the analysis and the decision.

Letters · · 4 min read

Liquidity preserves the ability to choose

Liquidity has a role beyond funding the next investment: it protects the freedom to meet obligations, reconsider commitments and act without unnecessary urgency.